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The OECD Environmental Performance Reviews programme provides independent assessments of countries’ progress in achieving domestic and international environmental policy commitments. The programme has completed over 60 reviews that aim to help improve individual and collective performance in environmental management by: promoting peer learning;〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/68b5f2d54f3eefd28525701500517fbf/c0839996f605b93b852570f20058a399!OpenDocument )〕 enhancing countries’ accountability to each other and to the public; and helping governments to assess progress in achieving their environmental goals. The OECD provides targeted recommendations designed to reinforce national environmental policy initiatives, bringing about positive change to the environment. Recommendations are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data. ==About the reports== The reports review the environmental performance of a country about every 10 years. Each cycle of the Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD member countries and selected partner countries. Progress in achieving domestic objectives and international commitments provides the basis for assessing environmental performance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oecd.org/topic/0,3699,en_2649_34307_1_1_1_1_37465,00.html )〕 Such objectives and commitments may be broad aims, qualitative goals, or quantitative targets. A distinction is made between intentions, actions and results. Assessment of environmental performance is also placed within the context of a country’s historical environmental record, present state of the environment, physical endowment in natural resources, economic conditions, and demographic trends. The reports are prepared by the Environment Directorate at the OECD, with the contribution of reviewers from a number of examining countries. The Working Party on Environmental Performance discusses the reports at their twice-yearly meetings and approves the Assessment and Recommendations.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.environment.gov.au/about/international/oecd/index.html )〕 The policy recommendations aim to provide further support to a country’s initiatives on issues such as: greening growth; implementing environmental policies; international co-operation; climate change; energy and environment integration; coastal zone management; nature and biodiversity;〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.conferenceboard.ca/hcp/details/environment/use-of-forest-resources.aspx )〕 waste management. Since the inception of the Environmental Performance Reviews programme in 1992, most of the OECD member countries have been reviewed twice: during the first (1992-2000) and the second (2001–09) cycle.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3746,en_2649_37465_46271382_1_1_1_37465,00.html )〕 Some OECD non-members were reviewed, such as China〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fni.no/projects/chinese_environmental_performance_review.html )〕 and Russia. The third cycle of reviews was launched in 2009, with the reviews of Japan, Portugal and Norway. In 2010, reviews of Israel and the Slovak Republic were launched and were published in 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3746,en_2649_34307_46271382_1_1_1_1,00.html )〕 The Reviews of Germany and Slovenia were released in 2012, with Italy and Mexico in 2013. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「OECD Environmental Performance Reviews」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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